Formulation and Characterization Nanoemulgel for the Management of Chronic Gingivitis

Abstract

Chronic gingivitis is a common inflammatory condition of the gingival tissues caused primarily by microbial plaque accumulation and inadequate oral hygiene. Conventional topical therapies often suffer from limited retention time and poor penetration into gingival tissues, reducing therapeutic effectiveness. The present study was undertaken to formulate and characterize a nanoemulgel containing clove oil and tea tree oil for the management of chronic gingivitis. Nanoemulsions were prepared using varying concentrations of oils, Tween 80 as surfactant, propylene glycol as co-surfactant, and purified water by high-speed homogenization. The optimized nanoemulsions were incorporated into a Carbopol 940 gel base to obtain nanoemulgels. The formulations were evaluated for physical appearance, globule size, zeta potential, pH, viscosity, spreadability, drug content, in vitro release, and stability. Thedeveloped formulations exhibited satisfactory physicochemical properties and good stability. Among all formulations, NG5 showed the smallest globule size, highest drug content, optimum viscosity, excellent spreadability, and prolonged release of active constituents over 8 h. Stability studies indicated no significant changes in appearance, pH, viscosity, or drug content during storage.The findings suggested that nanoemulgel-based delivery systems could enhance local retention and therapeutic efficacy of herbal actives, making them promising alternatives for the effective management of chronic gingivitis.